Updated project metadata. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of neurodegenerations, with oligomerization and aggregation of amyloid-β peptides (Aβ) being one of its histopathological hallmarks. Recently, graphene oxide (GO) nanoflakes have attracted significant attention in biomedical fields by suppression of protein aggregation in vitro. However, the impact of GO on aggregated proteins in vivo is poorly understood. In earlier work, we developed a humanized AD model in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae by constitutively expressing Aβ42 peptides to mimic the chronic cytotoxicity during AD progression. Here we apply this in vivo model system to investigate the impact of GO on Aβ42 aggregates and cytotoxicity.